1Now I decided not to pay you another painful visit. 2After all, if I were to grieve you, who should make me happy but the person I am making sad? 3This is the very reason I wrote you, so that when I did come I might not be made sad by those who should have made me happy. For I had confidence in all of you that my gladness would be for all of you. 4For I wrote to you out of great sorrow and anguish of heart—along with many tears—not to make you sad but to let you know how much love I have for you. 5But if anyone has caused grief, he didn't cause me any grief. To some extent—I don't want to emphasize this too much—it has affected all of you. 6This punishment by the majority is severe enough for such a man. 7So forgive and comfort him, or else he will drown in his excessive grief. 8That's why I'm urging you to assure him of your love. 9I had also written to you to see if you would stand the test and be obedient in every way. 10When you forgive someone, I do, too. Indeed, what I have forgiven—if there was anything to forgive—I did in the presence of Christ for your benefit, 11so that we may not be outsmarted by Satan. After all, we are not unaware of his intentions. 12When I went to Troas on behalf of the gospel of Christ, a door in fact stood wide open for me in the Lord. 13But my spirit could not find any relief, because I couldn't find Titus, my brother. So I said goodbye to them and went on to Macedonia. 14But thanks be to God! He always leads us triumphantly in Christ and through us spreads everywhere the fragrance of knowing him. 15To God we are the aroma of Christ among those who are being saved and among those who are being lost. 16To some people we are a deadly fragrance, while to others we are a living fragrance. Who is qualified for this? 17At least we are not commercializing God's word like so many others. Instead, in Christ we speak with sincerity, like people who are sent from God and are accountable to God.