1The words of the Preacher, the son of David, king in Jerusalem. 2Vanity of vanities, says the Preacher, vanity of vanities! all [is] vanity. 3What [is] the profit to a man in all his labor which he labors under the sun? 4A generation passes away, and a generation comes; but the earth remains forever. 5The sun also arises, and the sun goes down, and hurries to its place where it arose. 6The wind goes toward the south, and it turns around to the north; it whirls around continually; and the wind returns on its circuits. 7All the rivers run into the sea; yet the sea [is] not full; to the place from where the rivers come, there they return again. 8All things [are] full of labor; man cannot utter it; the eye is not satisfied with seeing, nor the ear filled with hearing. 9That which has been [is] that which shall be; and that which has been done [is] that which shall be done; and [there is] nothing new under the sun. 10Is there a thing [of] which it may be said, See, this [is] new? It has already been in days of old, which were before us. 11[There is] no memory of former [things], and also no memory] of after [things] which shall be; for neither shall be a remembrance of them with those who will be at the afterwards. 12I the Preacher was king over Israel in Jerusalem. 13And I gave my heart to seek and search out by wisdom concerning all which is done under the heavens. [It is] a sad task God has given to the sons of men to be humbled by it. 14I have seen all the works that are done under the sun; and, behold, all [is] vanity and vexation of spirit. 15What [is] crooked cannot be made straight; and [that] lacking cannot be numbered. 16I spoke within my own heart, saying, Lo, I have become great and have gathered more wisdom than all that have been before me in Jerusalem; yea, my heart has seen much of wisdom and knowledge. 17And I gave my heart to know wisdom and to know madness and folly; I know that this also [is] vexation of spirit. 18For in much wisdom [is] much grief; and he who increases knowledge increases sorrow.