1Paul, a bondservant of Jesus Christ, called an apostle, separated to the gospel of God 2which He promised before through His prophets in the Holy Scriptures, 3concerning His Son Jesus Christ our Lord, who was made of the seed of David according to the flesh, 4and defined as the Son of God in power according to the Spirit of holiness, by the resurrection from the dead. 5Through Him we have received grace and apostleship unto obedience of faith among all nations for His name, 6among whom you also are the called of Jesus Christ; 7to all who are in Rome, beloved of God, called saints: Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ. 8First, I thank my God through Jesus Christ for you all, that your faith is spoken of throughout all the world. 9For God is my witness, whom I serve with my spirit in the gospel of His Son, that without ceasing I make mention of you always in my prayers, 10making request if, by any means now at last, I may prosper by the will of God to come to you. 11For I long to see you, that I may impart to you some spiritual gift, so that you may be strengthened; 12that is, that I may be encouraged together with you by the mutual faith both of you and me. 13Now I do not want you to be ignorant, brethren, that I often planned to come to you (but was prevented until now), that I might have some fruit among you also, just as among the other Gentiles. 14I am a debtor both to the Greeks and to the barbarians, both to the wise and to the unwise. 15So, as much as is in me, I am ready to preach the gospel to you who are in Rome also. 16For I am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ, for it is the power of God unto salvation to everyone who is believing, to the Jew first and also to the Greek. 17For in it the righteousness of God is revealed from faith to faith; even as it is written, The just shall live by faith. 18For the wrath of God is revealed from Heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who suppress the truth in unrighteousness, 19because what may be known of God is clearly recognized by them, for God has revealed it to them. 20For ever since the creation of the world the unseen things of Him are clearly perceived, being understood by the things that are made, even His eternal power and Godhead, so that they are without excuse, 21because, although they know God, they do not glorify Him as God, nor are thankful, but become vain in their reasonings, and their stupid hearts are darkened. 22Professing to be wise, they become foolish, 23and change the glory of the incorruptible God into an image made like corruptible man, and birds and four-footed animals and creeping things. 24Therefore God also gives them up to uncleanness, in the lusts of their hearts, to dishonor their bodies among themselves, 25who change the truth of God into the lie, and fear and serve the created things more than the Creator, who is blessed forever. Amen. 26For this reason God gives them up to vile passions. For even their women change the natural use for what is contrary to nature. 27Likewise also the men, abandoning the natural use of the woman, burned in their lust toward one another, men with men performing what is shameful, and receiving the retribution within themselves, the penalty which is fitting for their error. 28And even as they do not like to have God in their full true knowledge, God gives them over to a reprobate mind, to do those things which are not fitting; 29being filled with every unrighteousness, sexual perversion, wickedness, covetousness, maliciousness; full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, depravity; whisperers, 30defamers, haters of God, insolent, proud, boasters, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents, 31without understanding, untrustworthy, without natural affection, unforgiving, unmerciful; 32who, knowing the righteous judgment of God, that those who practice such things are deserving of death, not only do them, but also approve of those who practice them.